November 19, 2022
Business Demography Indicators- Year 2020
3,704,082 enterprises were active in Spain in 2020
278,525 were created whereas 311,259 disappeared, meaning a net rate of –0.9%
45.1% of the enterprises born in 2015 are surviving after five years under observation
Stock of enterprises
The stock of enterprises operating in Spain over the year 2020 was 3,704,082. It is understood that stock is the population of enterprises that were active at any time during the reference
period. A 60.6% of this stock of enterprises belonged to the sector of Rest of the services, a 21.3% to Trade, a 12.5% to Construction and the remaining 5.6% to Industry.
In 2020, 278,525 enterprises were created and 311,259 disappeared. As a result, the net balance was negative of 32,734 units. From 2014, it is the first time where the number of enterprise deaths is higher than the number of enterprise births.
Enterprise birth rate (births as a percentage of the population of active enterprises) was 7.5%. On the other hand, enterprise death rate was 8.4%. As a result, the net rate was –0.9%.
All sectors had negative net rates. Trade showed the worst demographic balance (–1.5%).
Results by economic activities
The economic activities having a better demographic balance in 2020 (identified by their higher net rate or difference between births and deaths) were Post and courier activities (21.6%), Remediation activities and other waste management services (6.4%) and Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities (3.4%).
On the other hand, the activities having the worst demographic balance were Travel agency, tour operator reservation service and related activities (–7.5%), Manufacture of leather and related products (–4.2%) and Other mining and quarrying. (–3.8%).
Survivals of enterprise births
The first year of life is when producing the highest fall of enterprise units, having survival rates of 78.6% or lower. It can be highlighted that the members making up the population of births in 2015 are reduced to less than the half after five years. The following data table has been obtained from a time monitoring of enterprises born in a given year. Survival indicators have been calculated for a maximum period of five years.
Source: Statistical Office of Spain
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